问题描述：
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问题解答：
宏村位于安徽省黟县东北部，村落面积19.11公顷，宏村始建于宏村建于南宁绍熙年间（公元1131年），至今800余年。它背倚黄山余脉羊栈岭、雷岗山等，地势较高，常常云蒸霞蔚，时而如泼墨重彩，时而如淡抹写意，恰似山水长卷，融自然景观和人文景观为一体，被誉为“中国画里的乡村”。
特别是整个村子呈“牛”型结构布局，更是被誉为当今世界历史文化遗产的一大奇迹。那巍峨苍翠的雷岗当为牛首，参天古木是牛角，由东而西错落有致的民居群宛如宠大的牛躯。以村西北一溪凿圳绕屋过户，九曲十弯的水渠，聚村中天然泉水汇合蓄成一口斗月形的池塘，形如牛肠和牛胃。水渠最后注入村南的湖泊，鹆称牛肚。接着，人们又在绕村溪河上先后架起了四座桥梁，作为牛腿。历经数年，一幅牛的图腾跃然而出。这种别出心裁的科学的村落水系设计，不仅为村民解决了消防用水，而且调节了气温，为居民生产、生活用水提供了方便，创造了一种“浣汲未防溪路远，家家门前有清泉”的良好环境。
宏村又名弘村，都是取宏广发达之意。宏村汪九是唐初越国公汪华的后裔。村子始建于宋代，数百户粉墙青瓦、鳞次栉比的古民居群，特别是精雕细镂、飞金重彩的被誉为“民间故宫”的承志堂、敬修堂和气度恢宏、西朴宽敞的东贤堂、三立堂等，同平滑似镜的月沼和碧波荡漾的南湖，巷门幽深，青石街道旁古朴的观店铺，雷岗上参天古木和探过民居庭院墙头的青藤石木，百年牡丹，森严的叙仁堂、上元厅等祠堂和93岁翰林侍讲梁同书亲题“以文家塾”匾额的南湖书院等等，构成一个完美的艺术整体，真可谓是步步入景，处处堪画，同时也反映了悠久历史所留下的广博深邃的文化底蕴。至清代宏村已是“烟火千家，栋宇鳞次，森然一大都会矣”，至今仍为际联镇人民政府所在地。至八十年代中期开始发展旅游业，乔石、朱钅容 基等先后来宏村旅游考察，陈复礼、琼瑶、陈凯歌等先后来宏村进行艺术创作。进入九十年代，宏村入境游客人数每年以40.5%的速度增长，其中又以港台及海外游客为多。去年共接待中外游客4万人次，门票收入60.8万元，比上年增长8%。在2000年11月30日，宏村被联合国教科文组织列入了世界文化遗产名录。
Good morning, Ladies and gentleman. Welcome to Huangshan city. First, I’d like to introduce myself. My name is XXX . During your stay here, I’ll be your local guide. It’s my honor to be of your service. I’ll try my best to make your stay comfortable. Now, I want to say something about your itinerary. You will be here for about three days. The first day you’ll visit the ancient civilian buildings in Xidi and Hongcun village and you will spend two days enjoying the most beautiful scenery in the Yellow Mountain.
Ok, now we are heading for Xidi village, it’s about one hour’s bus ride. On our way to the village, you can enjoy the beautiful scenery in the countryside and I’d like to give you a brief introduction about Xidi village.
Xidi village lies in the southeast of Yixian County. It extends 700 meters from east to west, 300 meters from north to south and it covers an area of 16 hectares, with 320 households and 1100 villagers.
There is a small river which flows through the whole village, with a hill in front of the village blocking its course, so it flows to the west instead of the east. That’s how Xidi got its name.
The topography of Xidi village is well planned. It looked like a sailing boat from the high position. 122 houses, in black, white and gray colors, were built in the 18th and 19th centuries. Each has white walls, with elaborated shaped eaves and courtyards. The design of the streets and lanes are what they used to be, maintaining their ancient style of life and architecture. So in Jan. 2000, it was named by UNESCO as the world cultural heritage. From then on, lots of tourists have come to visit it.
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